License for Use of "Physicians' Current Procedural Terminology", (CPT) Fourth Edition

End User/Point and Click Agreement: CPT codes, descriptions and other data only are copyright 2009 American Medical Association (AMA). All Rights Reserved (or such other date of publication of CPT). CPT is a trademark of the AMA.

You, your employees and agents are authorized to use CPT only as contained in the following authorized materials including but not limited to CGS fee schedules, general communications, Medicare Bulletin, and related materials internally within your organization within the United States for the sole use by yourself, employees, and agents. Use is limited to use in Medicare, Medicaid, or other programs administered by the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS). You agree to take all necessary steps to insure that your employees and agents abide by the terms of this agreement.

Any use not authorized herein is prohibited, including by way of illustration and not by way of limitation, making copies of CPT for resale and/or license, transferring copies of CPT to any party not bound by this agreement, creating any modified or derivative work of CPT, or making any commercial use of CPT. License to use CPT for any use not authorized here in must be obtained through the AMA, CPT Intellectual Property Services, 515 N. State Street, Chicago, IL 60610. Applications are available at the AMA website.

This product includes CPT which is commercial technical data and/or computer data bases and/or commercial computer software and/or commercial computer software documentation, as applicable which were developed exclusively at private expense by the American Medical Association, 515 North State Street, Chicago, Illinois, 60610. U.S. Government rights to use, modify, reproduce, release, perform, display, or disclose these technical data and/or computer data bases and/or computer software and/or computer software documentation are subject to the limited rights restrictions of DFARS 252.227-7015(b)(2)(June 1995) and/or subject to the restrictions of DFARS 227.7202-1(a)(June 1995) and DFARS 227.7202-3(a)June 1995), as applicable for U.S. Department of Defense procurements and the limited rights restrictions of FAR 52.227-14 (June 1987) and/or subject to the restricted rights provisions of FAR 52.227-14 (June 1987) and FAR 52.227-19 (June 1987), as applicable, and any applicable agency FAR Supplements, for non-Department Federal procurements.

AMA Disclaimer of Warranties and Liabilities.

CPT is provided "as is" without warranty of any kind, either expressed or implied, including but not limited to, the implied warranties of merchantability and fitness for a particular purpose. AMA warrants that due to the nature of CPT, it does not manipulate or process dates, therefore there is no Year 2000 issue with CPT. AMA disclaims responsibility for any errors in CPT that may arise as a result of CPT being used in conjunction with any software and/or hardware system that is not Year 2000 compliant. No fee schedules, basic unit, relative values or related listings are included in CPT. The AMA does not directly or indirectly practice medicine or dispense medical services. The responsibility for the content of this file/product is with CGS or the CMS and no endorsement by the AMA is intended or implied. The AMA disclaims responsibility for any consequences or liability attributable to or related to any use, non-use, or interpretation of information contained or not contained in this file/product. This Agreement will terminate upon notice if you violate its terms. The AMA is a third party beneficiary to this Agreement.

CMS Disclaimer

The scope of this license is determined by the AMA, the copyright holder. Any questions pertaining to the license or use of the CPT must be addressed to the AMA. End Users do not act for or on behalf of the CMS. CMS DISCLAIMS RESPONSIBILITY FOR ANY LIABILITY ATTRIBUTABLE TO END USER USE OF THE CPT. CMS WILL NOT BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIMS ATTRIBUTABLE TO ANY ERRORS, OMISSIONS, OR OTHER INACCURACIES IN THE INFORMATION OR MATERIAL CONTAINED ON THIS PAGE. In no event shall CMS be liable for direct, indirect, special, incidental, or consequential damages arising out of the use of such information or material.

This license will terminate upon notice to you if you violate the terms of this license. The AMA is a third party beneficiary to this license.

POINT AND CLICK LICENSE FOR USE OF "CURRENT DENTAL TERMINOLOGY", ("CDT")

End User License Agreement

THE LICENSE GRANTED HEREIN IS EXPRESSLY CONDITIONED UPON YOUR ACCEPTANCE OF ALL TERMS AND CONDITIONS CONTAINED IN THIS AGREEMENT. BY CLICKING BELOW ON THE BUTTON LABELED "I ACCEPT", YOU HEREBY ACKNOWLEDGE THAT YOU HAVE READ, UNDERSTOOD AND AGREED TO ALL TERMS AND CONDITIONS SET FORTH IN THIS AGREEMENT.

IF YOU DO NOT AGREE WITH ALL TERMS AND CONDITIONS SET FORTH HEREIN, CLICK BELOW ON THE BUTTON LABELED "I DO NOT ACCEPT" AND EXIT FROM THIS COMPUTER SCREEN.

IF YOU ARE ACTING ON BEHALF OF AN ORGANIZATION, YOU REPRESENT THAT YOU ARE AUTHORIZED TO ACT ON BEHALF OF SUCH ORGANIZATION AND THAT YOUR ACCEPTANCE OF THE TERMS OF THIS AGREEMENT CREATES A LEGALLY ENFORCEABLE OBLIGATION OF THE ORGANIZATION. AS USED HEREIN, "YOU" AND "YOUR" REFER TO YOU AND ANY ORGANIZATION ON BEHALF OF WHICH YOU ARE ACTING.

Subject to the terms and conditions contained in this Agreement, you, your employees, and agents are authorized to use CDT-4 only as contained in the following authorized materials and solely for internal use by yourself, employees and agents within your organization within the United States and its territories. Use of CDT-4 is limited to use in programs administered by Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS). You agree to take all necessary steps to ensure that your employees and agents abide by the terms of this agreement. You acknowledge that the ADA holds all copyright, trademark and other rights in CDT-4. You shall not remove, alter, or obscure any ADA copyright notices or other proprietary rights notices included in the materials.
Any use not authorized herein is prohibited, including by way of illustration and not by way of limitation, making copies of CDT-4 for resale and/or license, transferring copies of CDT-4 to any party not bound by this agreement, creating any modified or derivative work of CDT-4, or making any commercial use of CDT-4. License to use CDT-4 for any use not authorized herein must be obtained through the American Dental Association, 211 East Chicago Avenue, Chicago, IL 60611. Applications are available at the American Dental Association website.
Applicable Federal Acquisition Regulation Clauses (FARS)\Department of Defense Federal Acquisition Regulation Supplement (DFARS) Restrictions Apply to Government use. Please click here to see all U.S. Government Rights Provisions.
ADA DISCLAIMER OF WARRANTIES AND LIABILITIES. CDT-4 is provided "as is" without warranty of any kind, either expressed or implied, including but not limited to, the implied warranties of merchantability and fitness for a particular purpose. No fee schedules, basic unit, relative values or related listings are included in CDT-4. The ADA does not directly or indirectly practice medicine or dispense dental services. The sole responsibility for the software, including any CDT-4 and other content contained therein, is with (insert name of applicable entity) or the CMS; and no endorsement by the ADA is intended or implied. The ADA expressly disclaims responsibility for any consequences or liability attributable to or related to any use, non-use, or interpretation of information contained or not contained in this file/product. This Agreement will terminate upon notice to you if you violate the terms of this Agreement. The ADA is a third-party beneficiary to this Agreement.
CMS DISCLAIMER. The scope of this license is determined by the ADA, the copyright holder. Any questions pertaining to the license or use of the CDT-4 should be addressed to the ADA. End users do not act for or on behalf of the CMS. CMS DISCLAIMS RESPONSIBILITY FOR ANY LIABILITY ATTRIBUTABLE TO END USER USE OF THE CDT-4. CMS WILL NOT BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIMS ATTRIBUTABLE TO ANY ERRORS, OMISSIONS, OR OTHER INACCURACIES IN THE INFORMATION OR MATERIAL COVERED BY THIS LICENSE. In no event shall CMS be liable for direct, indirect, special, incidental, or consequential damages arising out of the use of such information or material.

The license granted herein is expressly conditioned upon your acceptance of all terms and conditions contained in this agreement. If the foregoing terms and conditions are acceptable to you, please indicate your agreement by clicking below on the button labeled "I ACCEPT". If you do not agree to the terms and conditions, you may not access or use the software. Instead, you must click below on the button labeled "I DO NOT ACCEPT" and exit from this computer screen.

Print | Bookmark | Email | Font Size: + | –

October 1, 2021 - Updated July 1, 2022

October is National Breast Cancer Awareness Month

Facts:

In the United States, breast cancer is the most common cause of cancer in women and the second common cause of cancer death in women and the leading cause of cancer death for Hispanic women.¹
An estimated one in every eight women will be diagnosed with breast cancer sometime in her lifetime.²
In the US, every two minutes, a woman is diagnosed with breast cancer.²
The American Cancer Society estimates that about 43,250 American women will die from breast cancer in 2022.³
In the United States, there are more than 3.8 million breast cancer survivors.³
Even though this disease largely affects women, of the breast cancer cases diagnosed in the US, it is estimated one in every 100 is diagnosed in a man.⁴

However, there is a correlation between early detection and treatment of breast cancer and increased survival rates from breast cancer. Therefore, it is crucial that women have routine breast cancer screenings and follow-up care to maintain their overall health. October has been designated as National Breast Cancer Awareness Month. It is dedicated to educating the public on the importance of prevention, screening, early detection, and treatment of breast cancer as well as raising awareness on the importance of early detection through regular screening and follow-up care.

Types of Breast Cancer
The type of breast cancer is that is diagnosed is dependent on which cells of the breast are affected. Types of breast cancer include

Ductal carcinoma in situ
Invasive ductal carcinoma
Lobular carcinoma in situ
Invasive lobal carcinoma
Triple negative breast cancer
Inflammatory breast cancer
Metastatic breast cancer
Other- medullary breast cancer, tubular carcinoma, mucinous (colloid) carcinoma, mammary Pagets disease

Signs and Symptoms
There is no definite description of how a normal breast should appear since each woman is different. Changes in the breast appearance and consistency do not necessarily reflect that the woman has breast cancer. Some warning signs of breast cancer include:

Changes to the size or shape of the breast
Lump or thickening in the breast, around the breast area, in the axillary region, or around the axillary region
Dimpling in the skin of the breast
Redness, swelling, scaling, or flakiness of the skin of the breast, nipple, or areola
Pain in the breast
Changes in the nipple such as turning inward toward the breast
Discharge from the nipple (particularly if bloody) other than breast milk

For some women, breast cancer can be asymptomatic. Therefore, it is important for women to complete monthly breast self-examination (BSE) as well as obtain regular screenings through mammograms to detect early signs of breast cancer so prompt treatment can be performed.

Risk factors
Being a woman and advancing in age are considered the top two risk factors for breast cancer. Women who are 50 years old or older are at a higher risk for developing breast cancer.⁵ Other nonmodifiable risk factors include personal history of breast cancer or benign breast diseases, family history, inherited gene traits, dense breast tissue, previous radiation therapy treatment to the chest or breasts, and diethylstilbestrol (DES) exposure. Modifiable risk factors include overweight/obesity, lack of physical activity, poor diet, hormonal therapy, reproductive history, and alcohol use.

Screening and Diagnosis
The Medicare-covered preventive screening tests used for breast cancer are the screening pelvic examination (includes a clinical breast examination) and the screening-mammography.

During the clinical breast examination, the breasts are both inspected and palpated for lumps, tenderness, symmetry, or discharge from the nipples. The underarm area should also be examined for any irregularities or abnormalities.
The screening-mammography allows the health care provider to visualize any tumors that may not be detected through palpation. Not all tumors that are detected through screening-mammography are cancerous; however, screening-mammography is an important step in breast cancer detection. Any abnormalities found during the screening-mammography can be followed up to determine the cause.

If a patient is found to have any abnormalities or areas of concerns during the clinical breast examination or screening-mammography, a further workup may be ordered.

Treatment
The type of breast cancer as well as the stage of the cancer determine the treatment that will be given for the breast cancer. Treatment options include surgery, chemotherapy, radiation therapy , biological therapy, and hormone therapy.

Prevention
There are several interventions health care providers can take to promote breast health and assist their patients with prevention of breast cancer.

Encourage your patients to schedule annual wellness visits and screenings.

Discuss with your patients about breast cancer screenings and encourage them to take advantage of Medicare-covered preventive services, including screening-mammography and screening pelvic examination with clinical breast examination.

Discuss with your patients about breast health including steps they can take to reduce their risk for breast cancer.
Discuss the importance of monthly breast self-examination (BSE). Demonstrate the proper techniques for performing BSE and verify patient understanding.
Talk with your patients about the importance of staying active and regularly exercising.
Educate your patients about eating a well-balanced diet. A healthy diet should:

Include plenty of fruits, vegetables, and whole grains
Be low in salt, fat, cholesterol, and excess sugar
Limit (or avoid) the amount of red meats and highly processed foods consumed

Encourage your patients to refrain from or to limit use of alcohol.
If your patients are smokers, encourage them to quit smoking. Educate your patients the link between smoking and risk for breast cancer.
Discuss risks and benefits of hormone replacement therapy.
If your patient is of childbearing age, encourage her to breastfeed.

To learn more about Medicare-covered services, visit CMS Preventive Services

For More Information

References:

Basic Information About Breast Cancer | CDC. (2022, June 6). Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.
https://www.cdc.gov/cancer/breast/basic_info/index.htm
Breast Cancer Facts - National Breast Cancer Foundation. (2020, April 15).
www.nationalbreastcancer.org.
Breast Cancer Statistics | How Common Is Breast Cancer? (2022, January 12). American Cancer Society.
https://www.cancer.org/cancer/breast-cancer/about/how-common-is-breast-cancer.html
Breast Cancer Awareness Feature. (2021, September 20). Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.
https://www.cdc.gov/cancer/dcpc/resources/features/breastcancerawareness/index.htm
What Are the Risk Factors for Breast Cancer? (2021, September 20). Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.
https://www.cdc.gov/cancer/breast/basic_info/risk_factors.htm
Types of Breast Cancer - National Breast Cancer Foundation. (2020, April 15). www.nationalbreastcancer.org.
https://www.nationalbreastcancer.org/types-of-breast-cancer/

License for Use of "Physicians' Current Procedural Terminology", (CPT) Fourth Edition

AMA Disclaimer of Warranties and Liabilities.

CMS Disclaimer

POINT AND CLICK LICENSE FOR USE OF "CURRENT DENTAL TERMINOLOGY", ("CDT")

October is National Breast Cancer Awareness Month

spacer